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Amando de Ossorio (April 6, 1918 – January 13, 2001) was one of the foremost Spanish horror film directors during the European horror film surge in the 1970s, known especially for his "Blind Dead" series. De Ossorio directed a short film in 1956 called "The Black Flag", then spent the next few years doing documentaries and commercials. In 1964, he was hired to direct a few innocuous westerns and comedies, then he moved into horror where he made his mark. Amando de Ossorio complained in interviews that right from the start of his directing career, his producers were always tampering with his projects. His first horror film, ''Malenka, The Vampire's Niece'' (1969), was written to be a psychological thriller about a young woman who inherits a castle in Europe and is summarily driven crazy by her uncle who tries to convince her that he and she are both vampires. At the end of the film, the uncle's scheme is revealed and explained by her boyfriend to be a hoax. However, after de Ossorio finished the film, the producers decided to make the uncle an actual vampire and added a low-budget disintegration scene to the English-dubbed prints' finale that completely contradicted the plot. In 1971, de Ossorio came up with the concept of ''The Blind Dead'', a cult of blind, undead Templar Knights who sucked human blood, rode skeletal ghost-horses and were attracted to their victims by the sound of their heartbeat. The first film, ''Tombs of the Blind Dead'', was so successful, he immediately embarked on a career as a Euro-horror film director. Three more "Blind Dead" films followed in quick succession. His 1975 ''Demon Witch Child'' (one of the many European ''Exorcist'' clones) is today regarded as an underrated must-see horror classic by most of his fans. In the late 70s, de Ossorio's name strangely wound up on a couple of x-rated adult films. (The Spanish horror film industry petered out after 1975 and, unlike the Italian film industry which rebounded with gory zombie & cannibal films in 1980, the Spanish film market never recovered.) He started to direct a cannibal film called ''Man Hunter'' in 1979, but Spanish director Jesus Franco was given the project by the producer, and de Ossorio gracefully bowed out. Strangely, many of the actors who regularly appeared in Franco's films also worked for de Ossorio, such as Jack Taylor, Monserrat Prous, Paul Muller, Fernando Bilbao, Luis Barboo, Rosanna Yanni & Kali Hansa. He also worked with Julia Saly & Helga Line, two actresses who appeared in a number of Spanish director Paul Naschy's horror films during the same period. Strangely, in 1980, de Ossorio began directing a historical drama entitled ''Los Cantabros'' (''The Cantabrians''), but he was replaced on the project by Paul Naschy, who agreed to direct the picture if he was allowed to start the whole project from scratch, working up an entirely new screenplay and hiring his own actor friends to replace the former cast members. Unfortunately de Ossorio's last horror film, the 1984 ''Sea Serpent'' (which had been his dream project for many years) was a disappointment to him due to the low budget special effects, and led him to retire from filmmaking in 1984, at age 66. He was interviewed for a 2001 documentary about his life entitled ''Amando de Ossorio: The Last Templar'' just a short time before he died. During the interview, de Ossorio complained about the pitifully tiny budgets he was always forced to work within, and he lamented that in almost every case, the finished project never came close to what he had envisioned when he first conceived each film. He cited his worst disappointment being the abysmal special effects that appeared at the climax of his ''Ghost Galleon'' (1974), wherein the producers actually used a plastic toy boat in a bathtub to represent the Spanish galleon that burns and sinks at the end of the film. In his final years, he augmented his income by producing scary oil paintings of his Templar Knights and selling them to his fans (he was actually a very good painter & should've worked in the comic book industry). In 1993, de Ossorio was shopping around a script for a fifth Blind Dead film, to be called "The Necronomicon of the Templars", but sadly he failed to interest a producer in the project. He died in 2001 from natural causes at the age of 82. His four "Blind Dead" films are now available in a deluxe DVD box set, and most of his other horror films are also available now on DVD, with the exception of ''Demon Witch Child'' and ''The Sea Serpent'' (which have only been released on vhs). ==Amando de Ossorio filmography== * ''La Bandera Negra'' ("The Black Flag"), 1956 (short drama made as an independent film project) * ''La Tumba del Pistolero'' ("Grave of the Gunfighter"), 1964 (spaghetti western) * ''I Tre del Colorado'' ("The Three From Colorado"), 1966; aka "Rebels In Canada" (spaghetti western) * ''Pasto de Fieras'' ("Field of Beasts"), 1967 (a children's drama) * ''La Niña del Patio'' ("The Girl in the Yard"), 1967 (comedy) * ''Malenka, The Vampire's Niece'' (1969) aka "Malenka, la Nipote del Vampiro", aka "Malenka, la Sobrina del Vampiro"; great cast includes Anita Ekberg, Rosanna Yanni, Diana Lorys, Paul Muller, Julian Ugarte & Fernando Bilbao; released on video & DVD as ''Fangs of the Living Dead'' (in English language only) * ''Tombs of the Blind Dead'' (1971) aka "La Noche del Terror Ciego" (Spain), aka "La Revolte des Morts-Vivants" (France), aka "Night of the Blind Dead", aka "The Blind Dead"; starred Cesar Burner, Lone Fleming, Maria Elena & Jose Telman; released on video & DVD as "Tombs of the Blind Dead"; DVD features both the edited English language print as well as the unedited Spanish language print, along with an alternate opening sequence; (first film in the "Blind Dead" series) * ''Return of the Evil Dead'' (1973) aka ''Return of the Blind Dead'', aka "El Ataque de los Muertos Sin Ojos" (Spain), aka "Le Retour des Morts-Vivants" (France), aka "Attack of the Blind Dead"; starred Tony Kendall, Fernando Sancho, Esperanza Roy, Lone Fleming, Frank Brana & Luis Barboo; released on video & DVD as "Return of the Evil Dead"; DVD features both the English language version as well as the slightly longer Spanish version; (second film in the "Blind Dead" series) * ''Night of the Sorcerers'' (1973) aka "La Noche de los Brujos" (Spain); starred Jack Taylor, Kali Hansa, Simon Andreu & Maria Kosti; released on video & DVD as "Night of the Sorcerers" (DVD features both the English and Spanish versions, completely unedited) * ''The Loreley's Grasp'' (1974) aka "Las Garras de Lorelei" / "Claws of the Loreley"; starred Tony Kendall & Helga Line; released on video as "When The Screaming Stops"; later released on DVD as "The Loreley's Grasp" (DVD features both the English and Spanish versions, completely unedited) * ''The Ghost Galleon'' (1974) aka "El Buque Maldito" / "The Cursed Ship" (Spain), aka "Le Monde des Morts-Vivants" (France), aka "Ghost Ship of the Blind Dead"; starred Jack Taylor, Maria Perschy, Barbara Rey & Blanca Estrada; released on video as "Horror of the Zombies"; later released on DVD as "The Ghost Galleon"; DVD features both the English and Spanish versions, completely unedited; (third film in the "Blind Dead" series) * ''Demon Witch Child'' (1974) aka "La Endemoniada" / "The Possessed" (Spain), aka "El Poder de las Tinieblas" / "The Power of Darkness" (alternate Spanish title); starred Marian Salgado, Julian Mateos, Kali Hansa, Julia Saly, Maria Kosti & Montserrat Prous; released only on video as "Demon Witch Child"; not available on DVD * ''Night of the Seagulls'' (1975) aka "La Noche de las Gaviotas" (Spain), aka "Terror Beach", aka "Don't Go Out At Night"; starred Victor Petit, Maria Kosti, Sandra Mozarowsky & Julia Saly; released on video as "Night of the Death Cult"; later released on DVD as "Night of the Seagulls"; DVD features both the English and Spanish versions, completely unedited; (fourth & final film in the "Blind Dead" series) * ''Las Alimañas'' ("The Vermin"), 1976 (X-Rated) * ''Pasión Prohibida'' ("Forbidden Passion"), 1980 (X-Rated) * ''The Sea Serpent'' (1984) aka "Serpiente del Mar" (Spain), aka "Hydra, Monster from the Deep", aka "Hydra, The Sea Monster"; starred Ray Milland, Timothy Bottoms, Taryn Power, Jack Taylor, Jared Martin & Gerard Tichy; released on video as "The Sea Serpent" (in English only); not available on DVD 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Amando de Ossorio」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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